{"schema_version":"1.0","id":"Glasgow-2908","alternate_ids":[],"catalogue_id":"glasgow-2908","name":"Samuel Glasgow","canonical_url":"https://glasgow.phenotype.dev/people/glasgow-2908.html","json_url":"https://glasgow.phenotype.dev/people/glasgow-2908.json","network_url":"https://glasgow.phenotype.dev/people/glasgow-2908.network.json","wikitree_url":"https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Glasgow-2908","vitals":{"birth":{"date":"1791","place":"County Londonderry, Ireland","status":"uncertain"},"death":{"date":"1875-08-17","place":"Lisnagaver, Rasharkin, County Antrim, Ireland, United Kingdom","status":"exact"}},"identity":{"gender":"Male","occupations":["weaver"],"locations":["County Londonderry, Ireland","Lisnagaver, Rasharkin, County Antrim, Ireland, United Kingdom","Inishrush","Lisnagaver townland"],"aliases":[],"research_clusters":["Descendants of Unknown Glasgow (before 1740)"]},"relationships":{"parents":[{"id":"Glasgow-1022","name":"John Glasgow","relationship":"father","status":"possible","status_label":"Working; 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no documentary conclusion is implied.","provenance":"wikitree_relation_snapshot"}],"evidence":[{"id":"E-178ba55aa9a6","claim_ids":[],"record_type":"extracted citation","date":null,"place":null,"subjects":["Glasgow-2908"],"assertion":"Citation extracted from the WikiTree profile; its underlying record has not been interpreted here.","evidence_status":"unassessed","source_quality":"original","independence_group":"SRC-b79337a03917","source":{"title":"National Archives of Ireland, 1851 census (https://www.census.nationalarchives.ie/pages/1851/Antrim/Kilconway/Rasharkin/Lisnagaver/34/), residents of house 34, Lisnagaver, Rasharkin, Kilconway, County Antrim; Samuel Glasgow, aged 60, brother of the head, unmarried linen weaver, born in County Londonderry (accessed 17 July 2026).","repository":null,"reference":null,"url":"https://www.census.nationalarchives.ie/pages/1851/Antrim/Kilconway/Rasharkin/Lisnagaver/34/"},"provenance":"wikitree_profile_citation"},{"id":"E-3e05f4a1f5e3","claim_ids":[],"record_type":"extracted citation","date":null,"place":null,"subjects":["Glasgow-2908"],"assertion":"Citation extracted from the WikiTree profile; 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Samuel Glasgow, aged 60, brother of the head, unmarried linen weaver, born in County Londonderry (accessed 17 July 2026).","url":"https://www.census.nationalarchives.ie/pages/1851/Antrim/Kilconway/Rasharkin/Lisnagaver/34/","source_quality":"original","independence_group":"SRC-b79337a03917","provenance":"surname-research/indexes/relationship-hypotheses.md"},{"title":"Civil death register of Samuel Glasgow (https://www.irishgenealogy.ie/view/?record_id=cide-7225943), died 17 August 1875 at Lisnagaver, aged 85, bachelor and weaver (accessed 17 July 2026).","url":"https://www.irishgenealogy.ie/view/?record_id=cide-7225943","source_quality":"original","independence_group":"SRC-067f7048ed5b","provenance":"wikitree_profile_citation"},{"title":"Civil marriage register of John Glasgow and Margaret Garvin (), 16 November 1846; John Glasgow, bachelor, farmer, of Lisnagaver, parish of Rasharkin; father John Glasgow, farmer (accessed 17 July 2026","url":"https://www.irishgenealogy.ie/view/?record_id=cima-3156063","source_quality":"original","independence_group":"SRC-067f7048ed5b","provenance":"wikitree_profile_citation"},{"title":"National Archives of Ireland, 1851 census, house 34, Lisnagaver, Rasharkin, Kilconway, County Antrim.","url":null,"source_quality":"unknown","independence_group":"SRC-bb5fac65b5f2","provenance":"wikitree_profile_citation"},{"title":"Civil marriage register of John Glasgow and Margaret Garvin, 16 November 1846.","url":null,"source_quality":"original","independence_group":"SRC-a8236f13112b","provenance":"wikitree_profile_citation"},{"title":"Civil death register of Samuel Glasgow, 17 August 1875, Lisnagaver.","url":null,"source_quality":"original","independence_group":"SRC-0ad677231edd","provenance":"wikitree_profile_citation"},{"title":"PRONI Will Calendars, negative search for Samuel Glasgow of Lisnagaver.","url":null,"source_quality":"unknown","independence_group":"SRC-fd5180efc65f","provenance":"wikitree_profile_citation"},{"title":"PRONI Guide to Church Records, Rasharkin Presbyterian register MIC1P/292.","url":null,"source_quality":"unknown","independence_group":"SRC-8c9ed9b029a4","provenance":"wikitree_profile_citation"},{"title":"WikiTree profile export for Glasgow-2908","url":"https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Glasgow-2908","source_quality":"tree_only","independence_group":"SRC-35b5a5fdb4ce","provenance":"profile-provenance"}],"warnings":[],"provenance":{"tree":"WikiTree One-Tree export","mapped_records":"Glasgow Surname Project map dataset","profile_capture":"Public WikiTree profile evidence capture","relationship_assessments":"Controlled local relationship hypothesis register","research_findings":"Durable research/<profile-or-catalogue-ID>/findings.md case file"},"research_findings":[{"profile_id":"Glasgow-2908","updated":"2026-08-19","source_path":"research/Glasgow-2908/findings.md","sections":[{"title":"Current answer","category":"conclusion","markdown":"Samuel Glasgow of Lisnagaver was **not a son of Adam Glasgow** on the best\navailable direct evidence. The 1851 census explicitly calls Samuel the brother\nof household head John Glasgow. John's original 1846 marriage register names\nhis father as **John Glasgow, farmer**, not Adam. The exact combination of John,\nwife Margaret, 1846 marriage, Lisnagaver residence, Rasharkin parish, and later\nshared household makes the identification strong.\n\nThe only residual qualification is that `brother` does not expressly say full\nbrother. No evidence of a half-brother relationship has been found."},{"title":"Source findings","category":"sources","markdown":"| Source | Finding | Assessment |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| [1851 census, Lisnagaver household 34](https://www.census.nationalarchives.ie/pages/1851/Antrim/Kilconway/Rasharkin/Lisnagaver/34/) | John Glasgow, 50, farmer, was head; wife Margaret was 30; daughter Ann was 3; **brother Samuel Glasgow** was 60, unmarried, a linen weaver, and born in County Londonderry. John was born in County Antrim and reported marrying in 1846. | Direct evidence that Samuel was John's brother and that John married Margaret in 1846. |\n| [Civil marriage of John Glasgow and Margaret Garvin, 16 November 1846](https://www.irishgenealogy.ie/view/?record_id=cima-3156063), original register image | John was a bachelor farmer of Lisnagaver, parish of Rasharkin. He married Margaret Garvin and named his father as **John Glasgow, farmer**. | Direct father statement for the same John found with Samuel in 1851. Saved as [the original register PDF](sources/john_glasgow_margaret_garvin_marriage_1846.pdf). |\n| [Civil death of Samuel Glasgow, 17 August 1875](https://www.irishgenealogy.ie/view/?record_id=cide-7225943), original register image | Samuel died at Lisnagaver aged 85; he was a bachelor and weaver. | Strong identity continuity with the unmarried Lisnagaver linen weaver in 1851. It implies birth about 1789/90 but names no parent. Saved as [the original register PDF](sources/samuel_glasgow_death_1875_ballymoney.pdf). |\n| [PRONI Will Calendars](https://apps.proni.gov.uk/willscalendar_ie/willssearch.aspx), forename/surname search | No probate-calendar entry matches Samuel of Lisnagaver, who died in 1875. The returned exact-name estates were Samuel Glasgow of Camagh, County Armagh, died 1896, and Samuel Glasgow of Belfast, died 1902. | Bounded negative for the Armagh, Belfast and Londonderry registries, 1858-1965. It excludes those probate entries from Samuel's identity but does not prove that he made no unproved will. |\n| [PRONI Guide to Church Records](https://www.proni.gov.uk/files/proni/2026-01/PRONI%20Guide%20to%20Church%20Records.pdf), Rasharkin Presbyterian `MIC1P/292` | The surviving Rasharkin Presbyterian baptism register begins in 1834, decades after Samuel's circa-1790 birth. | No baptism in that surviving register can name Samuel's father. The direct collateral census-marriage proof remains the strongest available parent evidence. |"},{"title":"Parentage conclusion","category":"assessment","markdown":"The proof chain is:\n\n1. The census directly identifies Samuel as John Glasgow's brother.\n2. John's marriage is uniquely matched by spouse, year, residence, parish, and\n   occupation.\n3. That original marriage record directly identifies John's father as John\n   Glasgow.\n4. Therefore John, rather than Adam, is Samuel's father on the ordinary meaning\n   of `brother` and absent evidence that they were paternal half-brothers.\n\nConfidence: **high** that the Adam attachment is wrong; **not absolute** because\nneither record names Samuel's father in Samuel's own event.\n\nJohn `Glasgow-1022` is the best current candidate for the father named through\nthis proof chain. He was an older Antrim farmer named John and his reported 1791\nmarriage is compatible with Samuel's approximate 1789-91 birth within normal age\nerror. No record directly connects him to Lisnagaver, so keep the link uncertain\nand leave Samuel's mother blank."},{"title":"Recommended correction applied","category":"actions","markdown":"Verified live **19 August 2026**: Samuel's structured birth is now **about\n1790**, and the link to [John Glasgow (Glasgow-1022)](https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Glasgow-1022)\nis marked uncertain. His mother remains blank."},{"title":"Identity cautions","category":"assessment","markdown":"- Do not confuse this bachelor Samuel with Samuel John Glasgow who married\n  Margaret Calagher in 1866. That groom named Andrew Glasgow as his father.\n- Do not use Samuel's County Londonderry birthplace to override the explicit\n  collateral father evidence.\n- Do not infer Samuel's mother from Margaret Garvin or from any unsourced tree."}]}],"similar_people":[{"id":"Glasgow-2054","name":"Samuel Glasgow","catalogue_id":"glasgow-2054","html_url":"/people/glasgow-2054.html","birth_year":1792,"death_year":1865,"birth_place":"County Tyrone, Ireland","death_place":"Gortin, Derryloran, Cookstown, County Tyrone, Ireland, United Kingdom","score":40,"classification":"similar person","match_reasons":["same first and last name (+18)","birth years within 1 (+25)","same parent name without a shared profile ID: John Glasgow (+2)"],"conflicts":["unassessed father attachments differ (−5)"],"matching_children":[],"child_name_overlap":[],"parent_comparison":"Same parent name; profile identity unproved"},{"id":"Glasgow-339","name":"Samuel Glasgow","catalogue_id":"glasgow-339","html_url":"/people/glasgow-339.html","birth_year":1790,"death_year":null,"birth_place":"Currituck, North Carolina, United States","death_place":"Halifax, North Carolina, United States","score":38,"classification":"similar person","match_reasons":["same first and last name (+18)","birth years within 1 (+25)"],"conflicts":["unassessed father attachments differ (−5)"],"matching_children":[],"child_name_overlap":[],"parent_comparison":"No shared parent is indexed"}],"potential_parentage":{"children_recorded":[],"earliest_dated_son":null,"earliest_dated_daughter":null,"second_dated_son":null,"second_dated_daughter":null,"third_dated_son":null,"third_dated_daughter":null,"naming_controls":{"matches":0,"mismatches":0,"factor":1.0,"details":[]},"candidates":[{"id":"Glasgow-3902","name":"Adam Glasgow","catalogue_id":"glasgow-3902","html_url":"/people/glasgow-3902.html","birth_year":1758,"death_year":1844,"gender":"Male","age_gap":33,"age_gap_label":"33 years","role":"possible father","locations":["County Londonderry — exact locality unproved (estimated)","Tamlaght O'Crilly, County Londonderry, Ireland, United Kingdom","County Londonderry — exact locality unproved","Inishrush","St Nossonus — Tamlaght O'Crilly Lower graveyard"],"score":35,"classification":"weak lead","reasons":["plausible 33-year parent-child age gap (+18)","same specific indexed locality despite wider place-label differences: inishrush (+10)","same research cluster (+0; grouping is not kinship evidence)","subject's birth fits within the candidate's overall child-bearing span (1778–1822) (+3; children are not tied to one spouse)","known spouse Rose Glasgow had a plausible maternal age (24) at the subject's birth (+7)","candidate's other children share uncommon given names with the subject's recorded siblings: Nancy +3 (49 public profiles) (+3 total)"],"conflicts":["a different linked father is explicitly uncertain (−6; an existing hypothesis still needs resolving)"],"currently_linked_parent":false,"naming_signal_count":1,"relationship_certainty":"Not currently linked as parent","factor_count":5,"factors":["age","household chronology","rare sibling-name pattern","spouse chronology","undated locality"],"indirect_factor_count":4,"suggested_co_parent":null},{"id":"Glasgow-3324","name":"William Glasgow","catalogue_id":"glasgow-3324","html_url":"/people/glasgow-3324.html","birth_year":1763,"death_year":1816,"gender":"Male","age_gap":28,"age_gap_label":"28 years","role":"possible father","locations":["Larne, County Antrim, Ireland","County Antrim, Ireland, United Kingdom","Larne"],"score":29,"classification":"weak lead","reasons":["plausible 28-year parent-child age gap (+18)","weak broad-area overlap: antrim (+1; not a locality match)","subject's birth fits between children attributed to the same parental couple (1783–1802) (+6; other parent Elizabeth Glasgow)","known spouse Elizabeth Glasgow had a plausible maternal age (26) at the subject's birth (+7)","the same sex-aware parent-name position recurs independently in sibling households: George Glasgow → William Glasgow (+3)"],"conflicts":["a different linked father is explicitly uncertain (−6; an existing hypothesis still needs resolving)"],"currently_linked_parent":false,"naming_signal_count":1,"relationship_certainty":"Not currently linked as parent","factor_count":5,"factors":["age","broad geography","sibling-household replication","spouse chronology","spouse-specific child window"],"indirect_factor_count":4,"suggested_co_parent":{"id":"Stewart-72380","name":"Elizabeth Glasgow","html_url":"/people/stewart-72380.html"}},{"id":"Glasgow-12","name":"Robert Glasgow","catalogue_id":"glasgow-12","html_url":"/people/glasgow-12.html","birth_year":1749,"death_year":1839,"gender":"Male","age_gap":42,"age_gap_label":"42 years","role":"possible father","locations":["Moneymore, County Londonderry, Ireland","Georges Creek, Adams County, Ohio, United States","Moneymore"],"score":29,"classification":"weak lead","reasons":["plausible 42-year parent-child age gap (+18)","mapped Moneymore is 22.5 km from the subject's birth-period Inishrush (+1; one or both placements are unproved)","subject's birth fits between children attributed to the same parental couple (1776–1799) (+6; other parent Rosannah (Barclay) Glasgow)","known spouse Rosannah (Barclay) Glasgow had a plausible maternal age (35) at the subject's birth (+7)","candidate's other children share uncommon given names with the subject's recorded siblings: Nancy +3 (49 public profiles) (+3 total)"],"conflicts":["a different linked father is explicitly uncertain (−6; an existing hypothesis still needs resolving)"],"currently_linked_parent":false,"naming_signal_count":1,"relationship_certainty":"Not currently linked as parent","factor_count":5,"factors":["age","mapped proximity","rare sibling-name pattern","spouse chronology","spouse-specific child window"],"indirect_factor_count":4,"suggested_co_parent":{"id":"Barclay-56","name":"Rosannah (Barclay) Glasgow","html_url":"/people/barclay-56.html"}},{"id":"Glasgow-540","name":"Hugh Glasgow","catalogue_id":"glasgow-540","html_url":"/people/glasgow-540.html","birth_year":1739,"death_year":1831,"gender":"Male","age_gap":52,"age_gap_label":"52 years","role":"possible father","locations":["County Londonderry, Ireland","Pine Creek, Allegheny, Pennsylvania, United States","Portglenone — regional family-tradition reference"],"score":27,"classification":"weak lead","reasons":["possible 52-year parent-child age gap (+10)","mapped Portglenone — regional family-tradition reference is 4.1 km from the subject's birth-period Inishrush (+3; one or both placements are unproved)","subject's birth fits between children attributed to the same parental couple (1780–1792) (+6; other parent Sarah (Blair) Glasgow)","known spouse Sarah (Blair) Glasgow had a bounded, possibly plausible maternal age (34) at the subject's birth (+3)","shared recorded occupation: weaver (+3; weak household-continuity clue)","candidate's other children share uncommon given names with the subject's recorded siblings: Nancy +3 (49 public profiles) (+3 total)","3 independent unlinked-profile clue types converge (+5): collateral network, household chronology, locality"],"conflicts":["a different linked father is explicitly uncertain (−6; an existing hypothesis still needs resolving)"],"currently_linked_parent":false,"naming_signal_count":1,"relationship_certainty":"Not currently linked as parent","factor_count":7,"factors":["age","indirect multi-factor convergence","mapped proximity","occupation","rare sibling-name pattern","spouse chronology","spouse-specific child window"],"indirect_factor_count":6,"suggested_co_parent":{"id":"Blair-3693","name":"Sarah (Blair) Glasgow","html_url":"/people/blair-3693.html"}},{"id":"Glasgow-3991","name":"James Glasgow","catalogue_id":"glasgow-3991","html_url":"/people/glasgow-3991.html","birth_year":1748,"death_year":1812,"gender":"Male","age_gap":43,"age_gap_label":"43 years","role":"possible father","locations":["Larne, County Antrim, Ireland","County Antrim — exact locality unproved"],"score":23,"classification":"weak lead","reasons":["plausible 43-year parent-child age gap (+18)","weak broad-area overlap: antrim (+1; not a locality match)","known spouse Jane Glasgow had a plausible maternal age (41) at the subject's birth (+7)","the same sex-aware parent-name position recurs independently in sibling households: John Glasgow → James Garvin Glasgow (+3)"],"conflicts":["a different linked father is explicitly uncertain (−6; an existing hypothesis still needs resolving)"],"currently_linked_parent":false,"naming_signal_count":1,"relationship_certainty":"Not currently linked as parent","factor_count":4,"factors":["age","broad geography","sibling-household replication","spouse chronology"],"indirect_factor_count":3,"suggested_co_parent":null},{"id":"Unknown-760890","name":"Rose Glasgow","catalogue_id":"unknown-760890","html_url":"/people/unknown-760890.html","birth_year":1767,"death_year":1833,"gender":"Female","age_gap":24,"age_gap_label":"24 years","role":"possible mother","locations":["Inishrush, Tamlaght O’Crilly, County Londonderry","St Nossonus — Tamlaght O'Crilly Lower graveyard"],"score":30,"classification":"weak lead","reasons":["plausible 24-year parent-child age gap (+18)","mapped St Nossonus — Tamlaght O'Crilly Lower graveyard is 1.3 km from the subject's birth-period Inishrush (+3; one or both placements are unproved)","same research cluster (+0; grouping is not kinship evidence)","subject's birth fits between children attributed to the same parental couple (1790–1822) (+6; other parent Adam Glasgow)","candidate's other children share uncommon given names with the subject's recorded siblings: Nancy +3 (49 public profiles) (+3 total)"],"conflicts":[],"currently_linked_parent":false,"naming_signal_count":1,"relationship_certainty":"Not currently linked as parent","factor_count":4,"factors":["age","mapped proximity","rare sibling-name pattern","spouse-specific child window"],"indirect_factor_count":3,"suggested_co_parent":{"id":"Glasgow-3902","name":"Adam Glasgow","html_url":"/people/glasgow-3902.html"}},{"id":"Blair-3693","name":"Sarah (Blair) Glasgow","catalogue_id":"blair-3693","html_url":"/people/blair-3693.html","birth_year":1757,"death_year":1840,"gender":"Female","age_gap":34,"age_gap_label":"34 years","role":"possible mother","locations":["Ireland","Allegheny, Pennsylvania, United States","County Antrim — exact locality unproved"],"score":28,"classification":"weak lead","reasons":["plausible 34-year parent-child age gap (+18)","weak broad-area overlap: antrim (+1; not a locality match)","subject's birth fits between children attributed to the same parental couple (1780–1792) (+6; other parent Hugh Glasgow)","candidate's other children share uncommon given names with the subject's recorded siblings: Nancy +3 (49 public profiles) (+3 total)"],"conflicts":[],"currently_linked_parent":false,"naming_signal_count":1,"relationship_certainty":"Not currently linked as parent","factor_count":4,"factors":["age","broad geography","rare sibling-name pattern","spouse-specific child window"],"indirect_factor_count":3,"suggested_co_parent":{"id":"Glasgow-540","name":"Hugh Glasgow","html_url":"/people/glasgow-540.html"}},{"id":"Barclay-56","name":"Rosannah (Barclay) Glasgow","catalogue_id":"barclay-56","html_url":"/people/barclay-56.html","birth_year":1756,"death_year":1807,"gender":"Female","age_gap":35,"age_gap_label":"35 years","role":"possible mother","locations":["Londonderry, County Londonderry, Ireland","Adams County, Ohio, USA","County Londonderry — exact locality unproved"],"score":28,"classification":"weak lead","reasons":["plausible 35-year parent-child age gap (+18)","weak broad-area overlap: londonderry (+1; not a locality match)","subject's birth fits between children attributed to the same parental couple (1776–1799) (+6; other parent Robert Glasgow)","candidate's other children share uncommon given names with the subject's recorded siblings: Nancy +3 (49 public profiles) (+3 total)"],"conflicts":[],"currently_linked_parent":false,"naming_signal_count":1,"relationship_certainty":"Not currently linked as parent","factor_count":4,"factors":["age","broad geography","rare sibling-name pattern","spouse-specific child window"],"indirect_factor_count":3,"suggested_co_parent":{"id":"Glasgow-12","name":"Robert Glasgow","html_url":"/people/glasgow-12.html"}},{"id":"Dick-6841","name":"Elizabeth (Dick) Glasgow","catalogue_id":"dick-6841","html_url":"/people/dick-6841.html","birth_year":1767,"death_year":null,"gender":"Female","age_gap":24,"age_gap_label":"24 years","role":"possible mother","locations":["Midlothian — exact locality unproved"],"score":24,"classification":"weak lead","reasons":["plausible 24-year parent-child age gap (+18)","subject's birth fits within the candidate's overall child-bearing span (1785–1795) (+3; children are not tied to one spouse)","candidate's other children share uncommon given names with the subject's recorded siblings: Andrew +3 (31 public profiles) (+3 total)"],"conflicts":["locality comparison is unavailable because one or both profiles lack adequate place data (no deduction)"],"currently_linked_parent":false,"naming_signal_count":1,"relationship_certainty":"Not currently linked as parent","factor_count":3,"factors":["age","household chronology","rare sibling-name pattern"],"indirect_factor_count":2,"suggested_co_parent":null},{"id":"Cunningham-20926","name":"Agnes (Cunningham) Glasgow","catalogue_id":"cunningham-20926","html_url":"/people/cunningham-20926.html","birth_year":1755,"death_year":null,"gender":"Female","age_gap":36,"age_gap_label":"36 years","role":"possible mother","locations":["Currie — Midlothian"],"score":22,"classification":"weak lead","reasons":["plausible 36-year parent-child age gap (+18)","a known child was born within 8 years of the subject (+1)","candidate's other children share uncommon given names with the subject's recorded siblings: Andrew +3 (31 public profiles) (+3 total)"],"conflicts":["locality comparison is unavailable because one or both profiles lack adequate place data (no deduction)"],"currently_linked_parent":false,"naming_signal_count":1,"relationship_certainty":"Not currently linked as parent","factor_count":3,"factors":["age","household chronology","rare sibling-name pattern"],"indirect_factor_count":2,"suggested_co_parent":null}],"method":"Automated leads use birth surnames—not married surnames—as parental eligibility, role-specific biological age limits, bounded and approximate-date uncertainty, household chronology, specific time-aware localities, mapped distance, tenancy succession, migration destinations and sex-aware Scottish naming positions across generations. People already attached as the subject's parents stay in the identity summary and are excluded from this alternative-candidate list, regardless of relationship confidence. The main calibration uses clues available on disconnected profiles; existing parent and sibling links are retained as comparison context rather than treated as transferable evidence. Common ordered names and grandparent-to-child echoes receive a small non-zero weight, so a John or James match can support several independent criteria without producing a lead alone. Rare names, repeated bearers and bundles across otherwise distinct branches receive substantially more weight according to catalogue frequency. An exact migration place is weighted by its rarity and repetition across both branches; a shared destination country is worth only one point. Extra weight is added only when at least three independent clue types converge: naming, locality, specific migration, household chronology or collateral networks. Sparse profiles retain a clearly labelled chronology-only fallback instead of disappearing. Countries, states, counties and research clusters do not count as a shared locality, and fallback, broad representative or kin-inferred coordinates are excluded from distance scoring. Shared descendant profiles are removed before branch-name comparison. A candidate already recorded as a parent-in-law is excluded. A confident or independently supported parent is treated as settled; uncertain and unassessed attachments remain open to alternative comparison. A different linked parent, an uncle/aunt or grandparent path, and a matching existing child profile prevent an alternative from being classified as a strong direct-parent lead until the underlying tree conflict or duplicate is resolved. Familiar forms such as Bessie are normalised. Surname remains an eligibility filter worth zero points.","warning":"Naming customs, shared farms and occupations are circumstantial. Children, spouses and collateral relatives may be missing, and tree-derived family networks are not independent evidence. Scores rank research leads; they do not prove parentage."}}