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A direct 1565 record proves that John Glasgow senior and Jonet\nSpreull had a son William; the identity of that son with this profile is highly\nprobable but not absolutely resolved.\n\nBirth-date assessment: William's `1525` is explicitly marked as a **guess** in\nthe live profile data. The biography explains it as a back-calculation from his\nson George's minority; no record supplies 1525. William was an instrumentary\nwitness on 9 June 1564. The Scots-law minimum age of 14 for such a witness gives\na defensible outer bound of **born by 9 June 1550**. He received property as\nJohn's son in 1565 and fathered George, who was aged about 14-20 in 1586 and was\ntherefore born between late 1565 and September 1572. Taken together, **about\n1540**, with a reasonable range of roughly **1535-1550**, is a better working\nestimate than 1525. It fits an adult witness/property recipient in 1564-65 and\nfatherhood in the following decade without pretending that an exact birth year\nhas been found."},{"title":"Source findings","category":"sources","markdown":"| Source | Finding | Assessment |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| William's [captured WikiTree profile](https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Glasgow-3522) | The live data marks 1525 as a guess, and the biography says the dates were estimated from George's minority. | No source in the profile states or independently derives 1525. |\n| Robert Renwick, ed., *Abstracts of Protocols of the Town Clerks of Glasgow*, vol. 3, protocol 795, printed p. 54, [9 June 1564](https://archive.org/details/abstractsprotoc06scogoog/page/n66/mode/2up) | `William Glesgw` witnessed Thomas Mwre's sasine. Another witness was Mychael Lyndesay, son of Kentigern Lyndesay. | First located legal appearance. Scots law required an instrumentary witness to be at least 14, hence William was born by 9 June 1550. Scan visually verified 18 July 2026. |\n| Robert Renwick, ed., *Abstracts of Protocols of the Town Clerks of Glasgow*, vol. 3 (Glasgow, 1896), protocol 847, printed p. 73, [24 August 1565](https://archive.org/details/abstractsprotoc06scogoog/page/n85/mode/2up) | John Glasgow senior resigned a burgage tenement to \"William Glesgw, his son,\" reserving liferent to John and Jonet Spreull, his spouse. | Direct parentage for the William in the record; high-confidence identity match to this burgh William, but the record itself has no later identifier. Scan and wording visually verified 18 July 2026. |\n| Same volume, protocols 795 and 847 | Mychael Lyndesay, son of Kentigern Lyndesay, witnessed both William's 1564 appearance and John's 1565 conveyance to his son William. | Strong same-person network link between the witness and the son of John. |\n| Robert Renwick, ed., *Abstracts of Protocols of the Town Clerks of Glasgow*, vol. 9, protocol 2903, printed p. 103, [15 July 1586](https://archive.org/details/abstractsprotoc01scogoog/page/n113/mode/2up) | George Glasgw took sasine as heir of the deceased William Glasgw, his father; Stephen Glasgw was a witness. | Direct proof of William's death and George's father. Stephen's presence links the inheritance to John's family network. The current profile's citation to protocol 2867 is wrong. |\n| Same volume, protocol 2916, printed p. 107, [1 September 1586](https://archive.org/details/abstractsprotoc01scogoog/page/n116/mode/2up) | George, son and heir of William, sold the inherited land with consent of Margaret Herbesoun, his mother and liferenter, and Sir William Herbesoun and Stephen Glasgw, his curators. | Direct proof of George's mother and minority. As a male acting with curators, George was at least 14 but under 21, implying birth after 1 September 1565 and by 1 September 1572. The current profile's citation to protocol 2893 is wrong. |\n| Scottish Law Commission, *Report on Requirements of Writing*, [para. 5.12](https://www.scotlawcom.gov.uk/index.php/download_file/view/615/139/) | The pre-reform Scots-law rule required an instrumentary witness to be aged 14 or over. | Supplies the minimum age used for the 1564 birth bound. |\n| Scottish Law Commission, *Consultative Memorandum No. 65: Legal Capacity and Responsibility*, [para. 2.1 and note 2](https://www.scotlawcom.gov.uk/files/2313/1419/8956/cm65_1.pdf) | Boys under 14 were pupils; thereafter they were minors until majority, historically 21 before the 1969 reduction. | Supplies the legal age window inferred from George acting with curators in 1586. |"}]}],"similar_people":[{"id":"Glasgow-1098","name":"William Glasgow","catalogue_id":"glasgow-1098","html_url":"/people/glasgow-1098.html","birth_year":1500,"death_year":1564,"birth_place":"Glasgow, Lanarkshire, Scotland","death_place":"High Street, Merchant City, Glasgow, Lanarkshire, Scotland","score":22,"classification":"similar person","match_reasons":["same first and last name (+18)","shared recorded place (+20)","same parent name without a shared profile ID: John Glasgow (+2)"],"conflicts":["record-derived birth estimates differ by 40; retained without deduction","death years differ by 22 (−18)","uncertain father attachments differ (no deduction)"],"matching_children":[],"child_name_overlap":[],"parent_comparison":"Same parent name; profile identity unproved"},{"id":"Glasgow-3075","name":"William Glasgow","catalogue_id":"glasgow-3075","html_url":"/people/glasgow-3075.html","birth_year":1590,"death_year":1645,"birth_place":"Glasgow, Lanarkshire, Scotland","death_place":"South Leith, Midlothian, Scotland","score":20,"classification":"similar person","match_reasons":["same first and last name (+18)","shared recorded place (+20)"],"conflicts":["record-derived birth estimates differ by 50; retained without deduction","death years differ by 59 (−18)","uncertain father attachments differ (no deduction)","uncertain mother attachments differ (no deduction)"],"matching_children":[],"child_name_overlap":[],"parent_comparison":"No shared parent is indexed"}],"potential_parentage":{"children_recorded":[{"id":"Glasgow-567","name":"Barbara (Glasgow) Little","birth_year":1585,"death_year":1627,"gender":"Female","parent_ids":["Glasgow-3522","Herbison-439"],"html_url":"/people/glasgow-567.html"},{"id":"Glasgow-1099","name":"George Glasgow","birth_year":1569,"death_year":1640,"gender":"Male","parent_ids":["Glasgow-3522","Herbison-439"],"html_url":"/people/glasgow-1099.html"},{"id":"Glasgow-3917","name":"Jonet (Glasgow) Pady","birth_year":1565,"death_year":1598,"gender":"Female","parent_ids":["Glasgow-3522"],"html_url":"/people/glasgow-3917.html"}],"earliest_dated_son":{"id":"Glasgow-1099","name":"George Glasgow","given":"george","given_tokens":["george"],"gender":"Male","birth_year":1569,"birth_place":"Glasgow, Lanarkshire, Scotland","death_year":1640,"parent_ids":["Glasgow-3522","Herbison-439"],"html_url":"/people/glasgow-1099.html"},"earliest_dated_daughter":{"id":"Glasgow-567","name":"Barbara (Glasgow) Little","given":"barbara","given_tokens":["barbara"],"gender":"Female","birth_year":1585,"birth_place":"Scotland","death_year":1627,"parent_ids":["Glasgow-3522","Herbison-439"],"html_url":"/people/glasgow-567.html"},"second_dated_son":null,"second_dated_daughter":null,"third_dated_son":null,"third_dated_daughter":null,"naming_controls":{"matches":0,"mismatches":0,"factor":1.0,"details":[]},"candidates":[{"id":"Glasgow-1096","name":"Robert Glasgow","catalogue_id":"glasgow-1096","html_url":"/people/glasgow-1096.html","birth_year":1520,"death_year":1575,"gender":"Male","age_gap":20,"age_gap_label":"20 years","role":"possible father","locations":["Glasgow, Lanarkshire, Scotland","High Street, Merchant City, Glasgow, Lanarkshire, Scotland","Glasgow"],"score":72,"classification":"conflicting tree generation","reasons":["plausible 20-year parent-child age gap (+18)","candidate's birth is 45 years before the subject's earliest dated child (1565), a compatible grandparent-generation interval (+4)","candidate is associated with the subject's stated birthplace, but not by a reliable near-contemporary record (+10)","same research cluster (+0; grouping is not kinship evidence)","candidate has another child, Ninian Glasgow, born 10 years from the subject in the same specific birth locality (+4; possible sibling-household clue)","uncommon given names recur in both otherwise distinct descendant branches: Jonet +16 (15 public profiles; subject branch: Jonet Glasgow, Jonet (Glasgow) Stewart; candidate branch: Jonet Glasgow; +4 repetition bonus); Archibald +12 (9 public profiles; subject branch: Archibald Glasgow M.A.; candidate branch: Archibald Glasgow); George +3 (62 public profiles; subject branch: George Glasgow; candidate branch: George Glasgow) (+39 total including +8 multi-name bonus)","the subject would fill the first son position among the candidate's dated children, and the candidate's linked father William Glasgow shares the subject's common given name (+2; Scottish grandparent-name pattern, William in 224 public profiles; WikiTree: uncertain parent; weak alone)","descendant branches share only a broad migration destination country (+1; weak alone): ireland","3 independent unlinked-profile clue types converge (+5): household chronology, locality, naming"],"conflicts":["a different linked father is explicitly uncertain (−6; an existing hypothesis still needs resolving)","candidate is currently placed as a sibling of another linked father (−5; this makes the candidate an uncle/aunt under that tree hypothesis)"],"currently_linked_parent":false,"naming_signal_count":1,"relationship_certainty":"Not currently linked as parent","factor_count":9,"factors":["age","broad migration","common grandparent birth-order naming","indirect multi-factor convergence","local sibling birth","rare branch-name recurrence","rare name bundle","two-generation chronology","undated locality"],"indirect_factor_count":9,"suggested_co_parent":null},{"id":"Glasgow-1168","name":"James Glasgow","catalogue_id":"glasgow-1168","html_url":"/people/glasgow-1168.html","birth_year":1515,"death_year":1571,"gender":"Male","age_gap":25,"age_gap_label":"25 years","role":"possible father","locations":["Scotland","Stevenston, Ayrshire, Scotland","Scotland — exact locality unproved"],"score":45,"classification":"conflicting tree generation","reasons":["plausible 25-year parent-child age gap (+18)","candidate's birth is 50 years before the subject's earliest dated child (1565), a compatible grandparent-generation interval (+4)","same research cluster (+0; grouping is not kinship evidence)","another recorded child shares the subject's birth year (+2; possible twins or date uncertainty)","candidate has another child, John Glasgow, born 0 years from the subject in the same specific birth locality (+6; possible sibling-household clue)","the same sex-aware parent-name position recurs independently in sibling households: Andrew Glasgow → James Glasgow (+3)","uncommon given names recur in both otherwise distinct descendant branches: Jonet +16 (15 public profiles; subject branch: Jonet Glasgow, Jonet (Glasgow) Stewart; candidate branch: Jonet (Glasgow) Logan; +4 repetition bonus) (+16 total)","candidate's sibling and niece/nephew network repeats names in the subject's descendant line (three rarest at most): Archibald +12 (9 public profiles; sibling Archibald Glasgow) (+12 total)","3 independent unlinked-profile clue types converge (+5): household chronology, locality, naming"],"conflicts":["a different linked father is explicitly uncertain (−6; an existing hypothesis still needs resolving)","candidate is currently placed as a sibling of another linked father (−5; this makes the candidate an uncle/aunt under that tree hypothesis)","same country, but no indexed locality overlap (−10)"],"currently_linked_parent":false,"naming_signal_count":3,"relationship_certainty":"Not currently linked as parent","factor_count":8,"factors":["age","collateral naming","household chronology","indirect multi-factor convergence","local sibling birth","rare branch-name recurrence","sibling-household replication","two-generation chronology"],"indirect_factor_count":7,"suggested_co_parent":null},{"id":"Glasgow-1097","name":"Archibald Glasgow","catalogue_id":"glasgow-1097","html_url":"/people/glasgow-1097.html","birth_year":1530,"death_year":1560,"gender":"Male","age_gap":10,"age_gap_label":"nominally 10 years; approximate dates permit about 16–20 years","role":"possible father","locations":["Glasgow, Lanarkshire, Scotland","Bridgegate, Glasgow, Lanarkshire, Scotland","Glasgow"],"score":27,"classification":"conflicting tree generation","reasons":["the nominal 10-year gap is too small, but the approximate birth date permits a narrow biologically viable interval (16–20 years) (+4)","candidate's birth is 35 years before the subject's earliest dated child (1565), a marginal two-generation interval (+1)","candidate is associated with the subject's stated birthplace, but not by a reliable near-contemporary record (+10)","same research cluster (+0; grouping is not kinship evidence)","uncommon given names recur in both otherwise distinct descendant branches: Jonet +16 (15 public profiles; subject branch: Jonet Glasgow, Jonet (Glasgow) Stewart; candidate branch: Jonet Glasgow; +4 repetition bonus) (+16 total)","the subject would fill the first son position among the candidate's dated children, and the candidate's linked father William Glasgow shares the subject's common given name (+2; Scottish grandparent-name pattern, William in 224 public profiles; Working; low-to-moderate; weak alone)","3 independent unlinked-profile clue types converge (+5): household chronology, locality, naming"],"conflicts":["a different linked father is explicitly uncertain (−6; an existing hypothesis still needs resolving)","candidate is currently placed as a sibling of another linked father (−5; this makes the candidate an uncle/aunt under that tree hypothesis)","parentage requires the approximate birth estimate to be early enough (no deduction)"],"currently_linked_parent":false,"naming_signal_count":1,"relationship_certainty":"Not currently linked as parent","factor_count":6,"factors":["age","common grandparent birth-order naming","indirect multi-factor convergence","rare branch-name recurrence","two-generation chronology","undated locality"],"indirect_factor_count":6,"suggested_co_parent":null},{"id":"Glasgow-1098","name":"William Glasgow","catalogue_id":"glasgow-1098","html_url":"/people/glasgow-1098.html","birth_year":1500,"death_year":1564,"gender":"Male","age_gap":40,"age_gap_label":"40 years","role":"possible father","locations":["Glasgow, Lanarkshire, Scotland","High Street, Merchant City, Glasgow, Lanarkshire, Scotland","Glasgow"],"score":25,"classification":"conflicting tree generation","reasons":["plausible 40-year parent-child age gap (+18)","candidate's birth is 65 years before the subject's earliest dated child (1565), a compatible grandparent-generation interval (+4)","candidate is associated with the subject's stated birthplace, but not by a reliable near-contemporary record (+10)","same research cluster (+0; grouping is not kinship evidence)","candidate has another child, Archibald Glasgow, born 10 years from the subject in the same specific birth locality (+4; possible sibling-household clue)","known spouse Isobel (Brade) Glasgow had a plausible maternal age (40) at the subject's birth (+7)","candidate and subject share the given name William (+4; weak direct parent-child name recurrence, 224 public profiles)","3 independent unlinked-profile clue types converge (+5): household chronology, locality, naming"],"conflicts":["a different linked father is explicitly uncertain (−6; an existing hypothesis still needs resolving)","candidate is currently placed one generation above a linked parent (−15; grandparent rather than parent)","candidate's child Robert Glasgow (Glasgow-1096) is also a plausible father in the subject's birth locality (−6; current tree places this candidate one generation farther back)"],"currently_linked_parent":false,"naming_signal_count":1,"relationship_certainty":"Not currently linked as parent","factor_count":7,"factors":["age","indirect multi-factor convergence","local sibling birth","same-sex generational naming","spouse chronology","two-generation chronology","undated locality"],"indirect_factor_count":7,"suggested_co_parent":null},{"id":"Newlands-647","name":"Isobell (Newlands) Glasgow","catalogue_id":"newlands-647","html_url":"/people/newlands-647.html","birth_year":1530,"death_year":null,"gender":"Female","age_gap":10,"age_gap_label":"nominally 10 years; approximate dates permit about 15–30 years","role":"possible mother","locations":["Glasgow"],"score":30,"classification":"weak lead","reasons":["the nominal 10-year gap is too small, but the approximate birth date permits a narrow biologically viable interval (15–30 years) (+4)","candidate's birth is 35 years before the subject's earliest dated child (1565), a marginal two-generation interval (+1)","same specific indexed locality despite wider place-label differences: glasgow (+10)","same research cluster (+0; grouping is not kinship evidence)","uncommon given names recur in both otherwise distinct descendant branches: Jonet +16 (15 public profiles; subject branch: Jonet Glasgow, Jonet (Glasgow) Stewart; candidate branch: Jonet Glasgow; +4 repetition bonus) (+16 total)","3 independent unlinked-profile clue types converge (+5): household chronology, locality, naming"],"conflicts":["a different linked mother is explicitly uncertain (−6; an existing hypothesis still needs resolving)","parentage requires the approximate birth estimate to be early enough (no deduction)"],"currently_linked_parent":false,"naming_signal_count":1,"relationship_certainty":"Not currently linked as parent","factor_count":5,"factors":["age","indirect multi-factor convergence","rare branch-name recurrence","two-generation chronology","undated locality"],"indirect_factor_count":5,"suggested_co_parent":null},{"id":"Glasgow-3916","name":"Isobella (Glasgow) Herbison","catalogue_id":"glasgow-3916","html_url":"/people/glasgow-3916.html","birth_year":1530,"death_year":1563,"gender":"Female","age_gap":10,"age_gap_label":"nominally 10 years; approximate dates permit about 15–30 years","role":"possible mother","locations":["Glasgow, Lanarkshire, Scotland","Glasgow"],"score":26,"classification":"weak lead","reasons":["the nominal 10-year gap is too small, but the approximate birth date permits a narrow biologically viable interval (15–30 years) (+4)","candidate's birth is 35 years before the subject's earliest dated child (1565), a marginal two-generation interval (+1)","candidate is associated with the subject's stated birthplace, but not by a reliable near-contemporary record (+10)","same research cluster (+0; grouping is not kinship evidence)","candidate's sibling and niece/nephew network repeats names in the subject's descendant line (three rarest at most): Archibald +12 (9 public profiles; sibling Archibald Glasgow) (+12 total)","3 independent unlinked-profile clue types converge (+5): household chronology, locality, naming"],"conflicts":["a different linked mother is explicitly uncertain (−6; an existing hypothesis still needs resolving)","parentage requires the approximate birth estimate to be early enough (no deduction)"],"currently_linked_parent":false,"naming_signal_count":1,"relationship_certainty":"Not currently linked as parent","factor_count":5,"factors":["age","collateral naming","indirect multi-factor convergence","two-generation chronology","undated locality"],"indirect_factor_count":5,"suggested_co_parent":null},{"id":"Glasgow-3915","name":"Elizabeth (Glasgow) Kaine","catalogue_id":"glasgow-3915","html_url":"/people/glasgow-3915.html","birth_year":1530,"death_year":1552,"gender":"Female","age_gap":10,"age_gap_label":"nominally 10 years; approximate dates permit about 15–20 years","role":"possible mother","locations":["Scotland","Scotland — exact locality unproved"],"score":0,"classification":"chronology-only fallback","reasons":["the nominal 10-year gap is too small, but the approximate birth date permits a narrow biologically viable interval (15–20 years) (+4)","candidate's birth is 35 years before the subject's earliest dated child (1565), a marginal two-generation interval (+1)","same research cluster (+0; grouping is not kinship evidence)"],"conflicts":["a different linked mother is explicitly uncertain (−6; an existing hypothesis still needs resolving)","parentage requires the approximate birth estimate to be early enough (no deduction)","same country, but no indexed locality overlap (−10)"],"currently_linked_parent":false,"naming_signal_count":0,"relationship_certainty":"Not currently linked as parent","factor_count":2,"factors":["age","two-generation chronology"],"indirect_factor_count":2,"suggested_co_parent":null},{"id":"Brade-232","name":"Isobel (Brade) Glasgow","catalogue_id":"brade-232","html_url":"/people/brade-232.html","birth_year":1500,"death_year":null,"gender":"Female","age_gap":40,"age_gap_label":"40 years","role":"possible mother","locations":["Glasgow, Lanarkshire, Scotland","Glasgow"],"score":15,"classification":"conflicting tree generation","reasons":["plausible 40-year parent-child age gap (+18)","candidate's birth is 65 years before the subject's earliest dated child (1565), a compatible grandparent-generation interval (+4)","candidate is associated with the subject's stated birthplace, but not by a reliable near-contemporary record (+10)","same research cluster (+0; grouping is not kinship evidence)","candidate has another child, Archibald Glasgow, born 10 years from the subject in the same specific birth locality (+4; possible sibling-household clue)"],"conflicts":["a different linked mother is explicitly uncertain (−6; an existing hypothesis still needs resolving)","candidate is currently placed one generation above a linked parent (−15; grandparent rather than parent)"],"currently_linked_parent":false,"naming_signal_count":0,"relationship_certainty":"Not currently linked as parent","factor_count":4,"factors":["age","local sibling birth","two-generation chronology","undated locality"],"indirect_factor_count":4,"suggested_co_parent":null}],"method":"Automated leads use birth surnames—not married surnames—as parental eligibility, role-specific biological age limits, bounded and approximate-date uncertainty, household chronology, specific time-aware localities, mapped distance, tenancy succession, migration destinations and sex-aware Scottish naming positions across generations. People already attached as the subject's parents stay in the identity summary and are excluded from this alternative-candidate list, regardless of relationship confidence. The main calibration uses clues available on disconnected profiles; existing parent and sibling links are retained as comparison context rather than treated as transferable evidence. Common ordered names and grandparent-to-child echoes receive a small non-zero weight, so a John or James match can support several independent criteria without producing a lead alone. Rare names, repeated bearers and bundles across otherwise distinct branches receive substantially more weight according to catalogue frequency. An exact migration place is weighted by its rarity and repetition across both branches; a shared destination country is worth only one point. Extra weight is added only when at least three independent clue types converge: naming, locality, specific migration, household chronology or collateral networks. Sparse profiles retain a clearly labelled chronology-only fallback instead of disappearing. Countries, states, counties and research clusters do not count as a shared locality, and fallback, broad representative or kin-inferred coordinates are excluded from distance scoring. Shared descendant profiles are removed before branch-name comparison. A candidate already recorded as a parent-in-law is excluded. A confident or independently supported parent is treated as settled; uncertain and unassessed attachments remain open to alternative comparison. A different linked parent, an uncle/aunt or grandparent path, and a matching existing child profile prevent an alternative from being classified as a strong direct-parent lead until the underlying tree conflict or duplicate is resolved. Familiar forms such as Bessie are normalised. Surname remains an eligibility filter worth zero points.","warning":"Naming customs, shared farms and occupations are circumstantial. Children, spouses and collateral relatives may be missing, and tree-derived family networks are not independent evidence. Scores rank research leads; they do not prove parentage."}}