Glasgow Surname Project

Individual research record

Robert Calvert Glasgow

1873-06-24 – 1946-03-07

Glasgow-2794 · 1 mapped association

Bakerstown, Allegheny, Pennsylvania, United StatesEnon Valley, Lawrence, Pennsylvania, United States

At a glance

Identity & family

Tree links organise the family; documentary status still varies.

1Mapped records
3Close relations
43Evidence items
7Candidate leads
Birth
1873-06-24 · Bakerstown, Allegheny, Pennsylvania, United States
Death
1946-03-07 · Enon Valley, Lawrence, Pennsylvania, United States
Parents
Robert S. Glasgowunmarked
Spouses
Living person (details withheld)
Children
Howard Calvert Glasgow
Gender
Male
WikiTree
Glasgow-2794
Research clusters
Worldwide One-Tree profile leads
Mapped descendants
1

Comparison context

These child positions and checks are the subject details used to rank possible parents below.

Naming sequence used by the parentage model

Paternal grandfather positionHoward Calvert Glasgow (1908)
Maternal grandfather positionNot identifiable from dated child profiles
Maternal grandmother positionNot identifiable from dated child profiles
Paternal grandmother positionNot identifiable from dated child profiles

Known-position checks: 0 support · 0 conflict. Ordinals retain unnamed children and recognise reused names.

Relationship comparison

Potential parents or duplicates

Compare scored leads with the subject details above—not proof.

Higher-signal leadReview carefullyWeak lead

Possible mothers5 leads

Automated fit47/100
Moderate Lead
Dates1834–1881Generation39 years age gapRecorded placesWest Deer Township, Allegheny, Pennsylvania, United States · Suffolk, Virginia, United StatesIndependent clue breadth · 5Age · Collateral Naming · Indirect Multi-Factor Convergence · Two-Generation · Undated LocalityCurrent relationshipNot currently linked as parent
Strongest signals
  • plausible 39-year parent-child age gap (+18)
  • candidate has only broad or undated birth-locality overlap: allegheny (+6)
  • 3 independent unlinked-profile clue types converge (+5): household chronology, locality, naming

No indexed conflict; documentary proof still required

Show complete scoring
  • plausible 39-year parent-child age gap (+18)
  • candidate's birth is 74 years before the subject's earliest dated child (1908), a compatible grandparent-generation interval (+4)
  • candidate has only broad or undated birth-locality overlap: allegheny (+6)
  • same research cluster (+0; grouping is not kinship evidence)
  • candidate's sibling and niece/nephew network repeats names in the subject's descendant line (three rarest at most): Howard +14 (4 public profiles; niece/nephew Howard Wylie Glasgow) (+14 total)
  • 3 independent unlinked-profile clue types converge (+5): household chronology, locality, naming

Deductions and cautions: No indexed conflict; documentary proof still required

Automated fit32/100
Weak Lead
Dates1854–?Generation19 years age gapRecorded placesLocation not supplied — profile holding pointIndependent clue breadth · 3Age · Sex-Aware Ordered Naming · Two-GenerationCurrent relationshipNot currently linked as parent
Strongest signals
  • plausible 19-year parent-child age gap (+18)
  • candidate's birth is 54 years before the subject's earliest dated child (1908), a compatible grandparent-generation interval (+4)
  • same research cluster (+0; grouping is not kinship evidence)

locality comparison is unavailable because one or both profiles lack adequate place data (no deduction)

Show complete scoring
  • plausible 19-year parent-child age gap (+18)
  • candidate's birth is 54 years before the subject's earliest dated child (1908), a compatible grandparent-generation interval (+4)
  • same research cluster (+0; grouping is not kinship evidence)
  • a candidate spouse matches the first dated son Howard Calvert Glasgow, the expected father position (+10; Howard in 4 profiles)

Deductions and cautions: locality comparison is unavailable because one or both profiles lack adequate place data (no deduction)

Show 3 lower-scoring possible mothers
Automated fit28/100
Weak Lead
Dates1828–1913Generation45 years age gapRecorded placesPennsylvania, United States · Allegheny, Pennsylvania, United StatesIndependent clue breadth · 3Age · Two-Generation · Undated LocalityExisting-tree context (not an independent clue)Parental Couple StructureCurrent relationshipNot currently linked as parent
Strongest signals
  • possible 45-year parent-child age gap (+10)
  • candidate has only broad or undated birth-locality overlap: allegheny (+6)
  • candidate's birth is 80 years before the subject's earliest dated child (1908), a compatible grandparent-generation interval (+4)

No indexed conflict; documentary proof still required

Show complete scoring
  • candidate is the spouse of the linked opposite-sex parent (+8; tree couple clue)
  • possible 45-year parent-child age gap (+10)
  • candidate's birth is 80 years before the subject's earliest dated child (1908), a compatible grandparent-generation interval (+4)
  • candidate has only broad or undated birth-locality overlap: allegheny (+6)
  • same research cluster (+0; grouping is not kinship evidence)

Deductions and cautions: No indexed conflict; documentary proof still required

Automated fit17/100
Weak Lead
Dates1823–1889Generation50 years age gapRecorded placesCounty Down, Ireland · West Deer Township, Allegheny, Pennsylvania, United StatesIndependent clue breadth · 5Age · Household · Local Sibling Birth · Two-Generation · Undated LocalityCurrent relationshipNot currently linked as parent
Strongest signals
  • candidate has only broad or undated birth-locality overlap: allegheny (+6)
  • candidate's birth is 85 years before the subject's earliest dated child (1908), a compatible grandparent-generation interval (+4)
  • less typical 50-year parent-child age gap (+2)

No indexed conflict; documentary proof still required

Show complete scoring
  • less typical 50-year parent-child age gap (+2)
  • candidate's birth is 85 years before the subject's earliest dated child (1908), a compatible grandparent-generation interval (+4)
  • candidate has only broad or undated birth-locality overlap: allegheny (+6)
  • a known child was born within 7 years of the subject (+1)
  • candidate has another child, Charles Barnes Glasgow, born 7 years from the subject in the same specific birth locality (+4; possible sibling-household clue)

Deductions and cautions: No indexed conflict; documentary proof still required

Automated fit28/100
Chronology-Only Fallback
Dates1840–1923Generation33 years age gapRecorded placesAllegheny, Pennsylvania, United States · Page, Iowa, United StatesIndependent clue breadth · 3Age · Two-Generation · Undated LocalityCurrent relationshipNot currently linked as parent
Strongest signals
  • plausible 33-year parent-child age gap (+18)
  • candidate has only broad or undated birth-locality overlap: allegheny (+6)
  • candidate's birth is 68 years before the subject's earliest dated child (1908), a compatible grandparent-generation interval (+4)

No indexed conflict; documentary proof still required

Show complete scoring
  • plausible 33-year parent-child age gap (+18)
  • candidate's birth is 68 years before the subject's earliest dated child (1908), a compatible grandparent-generation interval (+4)
  • candidate has only broad or undated birth-locality overlap: allegheny (+6)
  • same research cluster (+0; grouping is not kinship evidence)

Deductions and cautions: No indexed conflict; documentary proof still required

How parent leads are calculated

Automated leads use birth surnames—not married surnames—as parental eligibility, role-specific biological age limits, bounded and approximate-date uncertainty, household chronology, specific time-aware localities, mapped distance, tenancy succession, migration destinations and sex-aware Scottish naming positions across generations. People already attached as the subject's parents stay in the identity summary and are excluded from this alternative-candidate list, regardless of relationship confidence. The main calibration uses clues available on disconnected profiles; existing parent and sibling links are retained as comparison context rather than treated as transferable evidence. Common ordered names and grandparent-to-child echoes receive a small non-zero weight, so a John or James match can support several independent criteria without producing a lead alone. Rare names, repeated bearers and bundles across otherwise distinct branches receive substantially more weight according to catalogue frequency. An exact migration place is weighted by its rarity and repetition across both branches; a shared destination country is worth only one point. Extra weight is added only when at least three independent clue types converge: naming, locality, specific migration, household chronology or collateral networks. Sparse profiles retain a clearly labelled chronology-only fallback instead of disappearing. Countries, states, counties and research clusters do not count as a shared locality, and fallback, broad representative or kin-inferred coordinates are excluded from distance scoring. Shared descendant profiles are removed before branch-name comparison. A candidate already recorded as a parent-in-law is excluded. A confident or independently supported parent is treated as settled; uncertain and unassessed attachments remain open to alternative comparison. A different linked parent, an uncle/aunt or grandparent path, and a matching existing child profile prevent an alternative from being classified as a strong direct-parent lead until the underlying tree conflict or duplicate is resolved. Familiar forms such as Bessie are normalised. Surname remains an eligibility filter worth zero points.

Naming customs, shared farms and occupations are circumstantial. Children, spouses and collateral relatives may be missing, and tree-derived family networks are not independent evidence. Scores rank research leads; they do not prove parentage.

Same-name candidate

Robert GlasgowGlasgow-1420

Automated fit43/100
Similar Person
Dates1873–?PlacesCounty Antrim, Ireland, United KingdomParent comparisonNo shared parent is indexed
Why it may fit
  • same first and last name (+18)
  • same birth year (+30)

unassessed father attachments differ (−5)

Full comparison detail
  • same first and last name (+18)
  • same birth year (+30)

Conflicts: unassessed father attachments differ (−5)

Same-name candidate

Robert GlasgowGlasgow-1039

Automated fit39/100
Similar Person
Dates1878–?PlacesPennsylvania, United StatesParent comparisonNo shared parent is indexed
Why it may fit
  • same first and last name (+18)
  • birth years within 5 (+18)
  • overlapping locality (+8)

unassessed father attachments differ (−5)

Full comparison detail
  • same first and last name (+18)
  • birth years within 5 (+18)
  • overlapping locality (+8)

Conflicts: unassessed father attachments differ (−5)

How duplicate leads are calculated

Dates are eligibility gates, not merely deductions: chronologically impossible people are excluded. Dates, places, spouses, parent certainty and children's profiles and names are then compared. A high score is a prompt to inspect records, not a merge recommendation.

Open only what you need

Research & records

Life and record timelineChronological mapped occurrences and their underlying sources.1 record
b. 1873

Profile-stated birthplace: Bakerstown, Allegheny, Pennsylvania, United States

Bakerstown, Allegheny, Pennsylvania, United States

One-Tree export profile fields are search leads, not sources; relationships are shown only where the export supplies parent links.

One-Tree profile leadunknown
Source and mapping detail

WikiTree profile export for Glasgow-2794

No sufficiently specific citation match found.

Precision: Country-centre fallback for profile locality

Evidence assessmentWhat is supported, uncertain or disputed in the current case model.3 claims
41Unknown
1Original
1Tree Only

Documented or strongly supported

No claims in this category have been formally assessed.

Working hypotheses and conflicts

No claims in this category have been formally assessed.

Research questionsOpen problems, missing bridges and the next records to inspect.0 open

No formal open question is recorded for this person.

Sources and provenanceStructured citations and source-quality classifications.43 sources

Source or provenance: quality describes the record layer, not every conclusion drawn from it.

  1. original Pennsylvania Birth Certificate 104749
  2. unknown Draft Registration Card
  3. unknown Hugh b. 1786 Ireland m. Margaret d. ~1830 W. Deer PA - it's inconvenient for records searching that apparently both this Hugh and his father Hugh d. ~1830-1831.
  4. unknown Mary A
  5. unknown John
  6. unknown James
  7. unknown Mary Isabelle m. Kyle
  8. unknown Jane
  9. unknown Sarah
  10. unknown Nancy m. Donald
  11. unknown Hugh
  12. unknown Margaret
  13. unknown Alexander b. 1788 Ireland d. 4 Dec 1855 W. Deer, m. Sarah Taggart b. 1789 Ireland, d. 1850 W. Deer (Grandparents of this Robt C)
  14. unknown Hugh b. 1817 d. 1874, m. Rachel b. 1819
  15. unknown James m. Margaret Mille
  16. unknown Hugh Colvin b. 1859 m. Annie B
  17. unknown James m. Ann
  18. unknown Mary
  19. unknown Henry
  20. unknown Mary Isabella
  21. unknown Archibald b. 1825 m. Mary Ann
  22. unknown Sarah Jane
  23. unknown William Alexander
  24. unknown Martha Agnes
  25. unknown Robert Allen
  26. unknown Robert S. 1827-1901 (Father of Glasgow-2794.) m. Lee Ann (alternately Leeanne) Snyder, 1826-1913.
  27. unknown Snyder b.~1860
  28. unknown Martha Ann b. ~1863
  29. unknown Alexander b. 1855 m. Caroline
  30. unknown Sarah Jane b.~1858
Technical profile and raw captureDataset metadata, machine dossier and captured WikiTree biography.Advanced

WikiTree profile information

Dataset: ONT_Glasco_2026-08-18T16_05.json · generated 2026-08-20

Machine-readable dossier

WikiTree biography, citations and relationship snapshot

Glasgow-2794 was captured 2026-08-07T09:54:35+00:00; WikiTree profile revision 2025-07-24.

Profile location claims

EventDateLocationStatus
birthBakerstown, Allegheny, Pennsylvania, United StatesWikiTree profile field
deathEnon Valley, Lawrence, Pennsylvania, United StatesWikiTree profile field

Immediate relationship snapshot

RelationshipPersonWikiTree IDDates and places returned
ParentsRobert S. GlasgowGlasgow-9951827-05-00 · West Deer Township, Allegheny, Pennsylvania, United States · 1901-01-01 · Alleghehy, Pennsylvania, United States
ChildrenHoward Calvert GlasgowGlasgow-27931908-00-00 · Mars, Butler, Pennsylvania, United States · 1997-00-00
SpousesMinnieRittman-571911-06-04 · Mars, Butler, Pennsylvania, United States · 0000-00-00

Record-bearing passages

  • Biography Robert C. Glasgow was born in 1873. He passed away in 1946. Sources

    • Pennsylvania Birth Certificate 104749
    • Draft Registration Card Research Notes Son of Rob't S. Glasgow b. 1827 W. Deer, Allegheny, Pennsylvania, d. 1901; s. 1901; m. Lee Ann Snyder, 1826-1913, dau. of Michael L. Snyder 1802-1881 and Jane Criner 1790-1860
  • Hugh Glasgow b ____ m. Sarah Ann Blair d.~1831 who emigrated to W. Deer, Allegheny, Pennsylvania as a family group: # Hugh b. 1786 Ireland m. Margaret d. ~1830 W. Deer PA - it's inconvenient for records searching that apparently both this Hugh and his father Hugh d. ~1830-1831. ## Mary A ##John ##James ## Mary Isabelle m. Kyle ## Jane ## Sarah ## Nancy m. Donald ## Hugh ## Margaret # Alexander b. 1788 Ireland d. 4 Dec 1855 W. Deer, m. Sarah Taggart b. 1789 Ireland, d. 1850 W. Deer (Grandparents of this Robt C) ## Hugh b. 1817 d. 1874, m. Rachel b. 1819 ### James m. Margaret Mille #### Hugh Colvin b. 1859 m. Annie B #####James m. Ann ##### Margaret ##### Mary ##### Henry ### Sarah ### Margaret ### Mary Isabella ## Archibald b. 1825 m. Mary Ann ### Hugh ### Sarah Jane ### William Alexander ### Martha Agnes ### Robert Allen ## Robert S. 1827-1901 (Father of Glasgow-2794.) m. Lee Ann (alternately Leeanne) Snyder, 1826-1913. ### Snyder b.~1860 ### Martha Ann b. ~1863 ### Alexander b. 1855 m. Caroline #### Mary ### Sarah Jane b.~1858 ### Wilbert b.~1861 ### Mary Ann b. ~1864 ### John E. b~ 1867 ### Anna b. ~ 1871 ### Robert C. Glasgow-2794 b. 24 Jun 1870 d. 7 Mar 1846 m. Minne A. Rittman #John b. ___ Ireland (1790 is reasonable guess but unknown at this time) m. Penina ## Rob't Alexander b. 7 Jan 1807, m. Sarah b. 1814 ## likely more but presently uncertain # Robert b. 1792 Ireland, m. Margaret ## Sarah Jane ## John B ## Hugh ## Robert ## Margaret ## *Cunningham* (note that this particular and uncommon name also appears as the middle name of Joseph Cunningham Glasgow (abt.1894-1956), a decendant of James Glasgow-2916, where Joseph Cunningham's father David Glasgow-692 appears to have married his first cousin Margaret Jane Glasgow-693) *This lends a small touch of credence to Scenario 2 above.*

Profile source citations

  1. Pennsylvania Birth Certificate 104749
  2. Draft Registration Card
  3. Hugh b. 1786 Ireland m. Margaret d. ~1830 W. Deer PA - it's inconvenient for records searching that apparently both this Hugh and his father Hugh d. ~1830-1831.
  4. Mary A
  5. John
  6. James
  7. Mary Isabelle m. Kyle
  8. Jane
  9. Sarah
  10. Nancy m. Donald
  11. Hugh
  12. Margaret
  13. Alexander b. 1788 Ireland d. 4 Dec 1855 W. Deer, m. Sarah Taggart b. 1789 Ireland, d. 1850 W. Deer (Grandparents of this Robt C)
  14. Hugh b. 1817 d. 1874, m. Rachel b. 1819
  15. James m. Margaret Mille
  16. Hugh Colvin b. 1859 m. Annie B
  17. James m. Ann
  18. Mary
  19. Henry
  20. Mary Isabella
  21. Archibald b. 1825 m. Mary Ann
  22. Sarah Jane
  23. William Alexander
  24. Martha Agnes
  25. Robert Allen
  26. Robert S. 1827-1901 (Father of Glasgow-2794.) m. Lee Ann (alternately Leeanne) Snyder, 1826-1913.
  27. Snyder b.~1860
  28. Martha Ann b. ~1863
  29. Alexander b. 1855 m. Caroline
  30. Sarah Jane b.~1858
  31. Wilbert b.~1861
  32. Mary Ann b. ~1864
  33. John E. b~ 1867
  34. Anna b. ~ 1871
  35. Robert C. Glasgow-2794 b. 24 Jun 1870 d. 7 Mar 1846 m. Minne A. Rittman
  36. John b. ___ Ireland (1790 is reasonable guess but unknown at this time) m. Penina
  37. Rob't Alexander b. 7 Jan 1807, m. Sarah b. 1814
  38. likely more but presently uncertain
  39. Robert b. 1792 Ireland, m. Margaret
  40. John B
  41. Robert
  42. Cunningham* (note that this particular and uncommon name also appears as the middle name of Joseph Cunningham Glasgow (abt.1894-1956), a decendant of James Glasgow-2916, where Joseph Cunningham's father David Glasgow-692 appears to have married his first cousin Margaret Jane Glasgow-693) *This lends a small touch of credence to Scenario 2 above.*
Full captured biography text
Biography
Robert C. Glasgow was born in 1873. He passed away in 1946.
Sources
* Pennsylvania Birth Certificate 104749
* Draft Registration Card
Research Notes
Son of Rob't S. Glasgow b. 1827 W. Deer, Allegheny, Pennsylvania, d. 1901; s. 1901; m. Lee Ann Snyder, 1826-1913, dau. of Michael L. Snyder 1802-1881 and Jane Criner 1790-1860

Grandson of Alexander Glasgow b. 1788 - Ireland d. 4 Dec 1855 W. Deer, Allegheny, Pennsylvania m. Sarah Taggart b. 1789 Ireland -- NOTE: THIS NOT THE Sgt. Alexander Glasgow of HARRISBURG distinguished in War of 1812.

Hugh Glasgow b ____ m. Sarah Ann Blair d.~1831 who emigrated to W. Deer, Allegheny, Pennsylvania as a family group:
# Hugh b. 1786 Ireland m. Margaret d. ~1830 W. Deer PA - it's inconvenient for records searching that apparently both this Hugh and his father Hugh d. ~1830-1831. 
## Mary A
##John
##James
## Mary Isabelle m. Kyle
## Jane
## Sarah
## Nancy m. Donald
## Hugh
## Margaret
# Alexander b. 1788 Ireland d. 4 Dec 1855 W. Deer, m. Sarah Taggart b. 1789 Ireland, d. 1850 W. Deer (Grandparents of this Robt C)
## Hugh b. 1817 d. 1874, m. Rachel b. 1819
### James m. Margaret Mille
#### Hugh Colvin b. 1859 m. Annie B
#####James m. Ann
##### Margaret
##### Mary
##### Henry
### Sarah
### Margaret
### Mary Isabella
## Archibald b. 1825 m. Mary Ann
### Hugh
### Sarah Jane
### William Alexander
### Martha Agnes
### Robert Allen
## Robert S. 1827-1901 (Father of Glasgow-2794.) m. Lee Ann (alternately Leeanne) Snyder, 1826-1913.
### Snyder b.~1860
### Martha Ann b. ~1863
### Alexander b. 1855 m. Caroline
#### Mary 
### Sarah Jane b.~1858
### Wilbert b.~1861
### Mary Ann b. ~1864
### John E. b~ 1867
### Anna b. ~ 1871
### Robert C. Glasgow-2794 b. 24 Jun 1870 d. 7 Mar 1846 m. Minne A. Rittman
#John b. ___ Ireland (1790 is reasonable guess but unknown at this time) m. Penina 
## Rob't Alexander b. 7 Jan 1807, m. Sarah b. 1814
## likely more but presently uncertain
# Robert b. 1792 Ireland, m. Margaret
## Sarah Jane
## John B
## Hugh
## Robert
## Margaret
## *Cunningham* (note that this particular and uncommon name also appears as the middle name of Joseph Cunningham Glasgow (abt.1894-1956), a decendant of James Glasgow-2916, where Joseph Cunningham's father David Glasgow-692 appears to have married his first cousin Margaret Jane Glasgow-693) *This lends a small touch of credence to Scenario 2 above.*
Raw WikiTree biography markup
== Biography ==

Robert C. Glasgow was born in 1873.  He passed away in 1946.
== Sources ==
<references />
* Pennsylvania Birth Certificate 104749
* Draft Registration Card

== Research Notes == 

Son of Rob't S. Glasgow b. 1827 W. Deer, Allegheny, Pennsylvania, d. 1901; s. 1901; m. Lee Ann Snyder, 1826-1913, dau. of Michael L. Snyder 1802-1881 and Jane Criner 1790-1860

Grandson of Alexander Glasgow b. 1788 - Ireland  d. 4 Dec 1855 W. Deer, Allegheny, Pennsylvania m. Sarah Taggart b. 1789 Ireland -- NOTE: THIS NOT THE Sgt. Alexander Glasgow of HARRISBURG distinguished in War of 1812.



Hugh Glasgow b ____ m. Sarah Ann Blair d.~1831 who emigrated to W. Deer, Allegheny, Pennsylvania as a family group:
# Hugh b. 1786 Ireland m. Margaret d. ~1830 W. Deer PA - it's inconvenient for records searching that apparently both this Hugh and his father Hugh d. ~1830-1831. 
## Mary A
##John
##James
## Mary Isabelle m. Kyle
## Jane
## Sarah
## Nancy m. Donald
## Hugh
## Margaret
# Alexander b. 1788 Ireland d. 4 Dec 1855 W. Deer,  m. Sarah Taggart b. 1789 Ireland,  d. 1850 W. Deer (Grandparents of this Robt C)
## Hugh b. 1817 d. 1874,  m. Rachel b. 1819
### James m. Margaret Mille
#### Hugh Colvin b. 1859 m. Annie B
#####James m. Ann
##### Margaret
##### Mary
##### Henry
### Sarah
### Margaret
### Mary Isabella
## Archibald b. 1825 m. Mary Ann
### Hugh
### Sarah Jane
### William Alexander
### Martha Agnes
### Robert Allen
## Robert S. 1827-1901 (Father of [[Glasgow-2794]].) m. Lee Ann (alternately Leeanne) Snyder, 1826-1913.
### Snyder b.~1860
### Martha Ann b. ~1863
### Alexander b. 1855 m. Caroline
#### Mary 
### Sarah Jane b.~1858
### Wilbert b.~1861
### Mary Ann b. ~1864
### John E. b~ 1867
### Anna b. ~ 1871
### [[Robert C. Glasgow-2794]] b. 24 Jun 1870 d. 7 Mar 1846 m. Minne A. Rittman
#John b. ___ Ireland (1790 is reasonable guess but unknown at this time) m. Penina 
## Rob't Alexander b. 7 Jan 1807,  m. Sarah b. 1814
## likely more but presently uncertain
# Robert b. 1792 Ireland,  m. Margaret
## Sarah Jane
## John B
## Hugh
## Robert
## Margaret
## *Cunningham* (note that this particular and uncommon name also appears as the middle name of [[Glasgow-701|Joseph Cunningham Glasgow (abt.1894-1956)]], a decendant of [[James Glasgow-2916]],  where Joseph Cunningham's father [[David Glasgow-692]] appears to have married his first cousin [[Margaret Jane Glasgow-693]]) *This lends a small touch of credence to Scenario 2 above.*