Glasgow Surname Project

Individual research record

Jonet (Spreull) Glasgow

before 1516 – after 1575

Spreull-4 · 1 mapped association

Birthplace unknownDeath place unknown

At a glance

Identity & family

Tree links organise the family; documentary status still varies.

1Mapped records
4Close relations
7Evidence items
2Candidate leads
Birth
before 1516 · Place not recorded
Death
after 1575 · Place not recorded
Parents
Robertunmarked
Spouses
John Glasgow
Children
Stephen GlasgowWilliam Glasgow
Gender
Female
WikiTree
Spreull-4
Research clusters
Scotland One-Tree profile leads
Mapped descendants
677

Comparison context

These child positions and checks are the subject details used to rank possible parents below.

Naming sequence used by the parentage model

Paternal grandfather positionWilliam Glasgow (1540)
Maternal grandfather positionStephen Glasgow (1550)
Maternal grandmother positionNot identifiable from dated child profiles
Paternal grandmother positionNot identifiable from dated child profiles

Known-position checks: 1 support · 0 conflict. Ordinals retain unnamed children and recognise reused names.

Estimate and relationship notes
  • 2 parent references point outside the current export.

Relationship comparison

Potential parents or duplicates

Compare scored leads with the subject details above—not proof.

Higher-signal leadReview carefullyWeak lead

No candidate met the minimum age, location or family-naming threshold.

How parent leads are calculated

Automated leads use birth surnames—not married surnames—as parental eligibility, role-specific biological age limits, bounded and approximate-date uncertainty, household chronology, specific time-aware localities, mapped distance, tenancy succession, migration destinations and sex-aware Scottish naming positions across generations. People already attached as the subject's parents stay in the identity summary and are excluded from this alternative-candidate list, regardless of relationship confidence. The main calibration uses clues available on disconnected profiles; existing parent and sibling links are retained as comparison context rather than treated as transferable evidence. Common ordered names and grandparent-to-child echoes receive a small non-zero weight, so a John or James match can support several independent criteria without producing a lead alone. Rare names, repeated bearers and bundles across otherwise distinct branches receive substantially more weight according to catalogue frequency. An exact migration place is weighted by its rarity and repetition across both branches; a shared destination country is worth only one point. Extra weight is added only when at least three independent clue types converge: naming, locality, specific migration, household chronology or collateral networks. Sparse profiles retain a clearly labelled chronology-only fallback instead of disappearing. Countries, states, counties and research clusters do not count as a shared locality, and fallback, broad representative or kin-inferred coordinates are excluded from distance scoring. Shared descendant profiles are removed before branch-name comparison. A candidate already recorded as a parent-in-law is excluded. A confident or independently supported parent is treated as settled; uncertain and unassessed attachments remain open to alternative comparison. A different linked parent, an uncle/aunt or grandparent path, and a matching existing child profile prevent an alternative from being classified as a strong direct-parent lead until the underlying tree conflict or duplicate is resolved. Familiar forms such as Bessie are normalised. Surname remains an eligibility filter worth zero points.

Naming customs, shared farms and occupations are circumstantial. Children, spouses and collateral relatives may be missing, and tree-derived family networks are not independent evidence. Scores rank research leads; they do not prove parentage.

Automated fit38/100
Similar Person
Dates1560–?PlacesPlaces not recordedParent comparisonNo shared parent is indexed
Why it may fit
  • same first and last name (+18)
  • shared recorded place (+20)

record-derived birth estimates differ by 44; retained without deduction

Full comparison detail
  • same first and last name (+18)
  • shared recorded place (+20)

Conflicts: record-derived birth estimates differ by 44; retained without deduction

Same-name candidate

Jonet (Meik) GlasgowMeik-14

Automated fit30/100
Similar Person
Dates1555–?PlacesPlaces not recordedParent comparisonNo shared parent is indexed
Why it may fit
  • same first and last name (+18)
  • shared recorded place (+20)
  • matching child name: William Glasgow

birth years differ by 39 (−22)

Full comparison detail
  • same first and last name (+18)
  • shared recorded place (+20)
  • matching child name: William Glasgow

Conflicts: birth years differ by 39 (−22)

How duplicate leads are calculated

Dates are eligibility gates, not merely deductions: chronologically impossible people are excluded. Dates, places, spouses, parent certainty and children's profiles and names are then compared. A high score is a prompt to inspect records, not a merge recommendation.

Open only what you need

Research & records

Life and record timelineChronological mapped occurrences and their underlying sources.1 record
b. 1516

Kin-inferred from spouse John Glasgow’s birthplace: Glasgow, Lanarkshire, Scotland

Glasgow

One-Tree export profile fields are search leads, not sources; relationships are shown only where the export supplies parent links. This map placement is an estimate from kin and is not a directly recorded location for this person.

Kin-inferred One-Tree profile leadunknown
Source and mapping detail

WikiTree profile export for Spreull-4

No sufficiently specific citation match found.

Precision: Kin-inferred relationship locality

Evidence assessmentWhat is supported, uncertain or disputed in the current case model.5 claims
5Unknown
2Tree Only

Documented or strongly supported

No claims in this category have been formally assessed.

Working hypotheses and conflicts

No claims in this category have been formally assessed.

Research questionsOpen problems, missing bridges and the next records to inspect.0 open

No formal open question is recorded for this person.

Sources and provenanceStructured citations and source-quality classifications.7 sources

Source or provenance: quality describes the record layer, not every conclusion drawn from it.

  1. unknown Stephen Glasgow in 1575 son of q. John Glasgow, with consent of Jonet Spreull, his mother.
  2. unknown https://archive.org/details/heraldryofsprulesofscotland/page/n83/mode/2up
  3. unknown https://rlhf.info/wp-content/uploads/3.4-Cowden-Hall-Hughson-McCrae.pdf
  4. tree_only https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Spreule-1
  5. unknown Genealogical Source (Stephen Glasgow in 1575 son of q. John Glasgow, with consent of Jonet Spreull, his mother.)
  6. unknown https://sprowlgenealogy.com/ancient-sprowl-history/eight-centuries/
  7. tree_only WikiTree profile export for Spreull-4
Technical profile and raw captureDataset metadata, machine dossier and captured WikiTree biography.Advanced

WikiTree profile information

Spreull-4

Jonet (Spreull) Glasgow

Updated 2026-07-17

Dataset: ONT_Glasco_2026-08-18T16_05.json · generated 2026-08-20

Machine-readable dossier

WikiTree biography, citations and relationship snapshot

Spreull-4 was captured 2026-08-07T09:54:35+00:00; WikiTree profile revision 2026-07-17.

Immediate relationship snapshot

RelationshipPersonWikiTree IDDates and places returned
ParentsRobertSpreul-261500-00-00 · 1555-00-00
ChildrenWilliam GlasgowGlasgow-35221540-00-00 · Glasgow, Lanarkshire, Scotland · 1586-07-15 · High Street, Merchant City, Glasgow, Lanarkshire, Scotland
ChildrenStephen GlasgowGlasgow-10291550-00-00 · Glasgow, Lanarkshire, Scotland · 1598-00-00 · High Street, Merchant City, Glasgow, Lanarkshire, Scotland
SiblingsJohnSpreul-241510-00-00 · Scotland · 0000-00-00 · Glasgow, Scotland
SpousesJohn GlasgowGlasgow-10931510-00-00 · Glasgow, Lanarkshire, Scotland · 1575-11-08 · Stockwell Street, Merchant City, Glasgow, Lanarkshire, Scotland · 1534-00-00

Record-bearing passages

  • Biography Jonet Spreull was born around 1510 and was still living in 1575. Stephen Glasgow in 1575 son of q. John Glasgow, with consent of Jonet Spreull, his mother. She was a member of the prominent Spreull family of Cowden in Dumbartonshire, Scotland.
  • In 1586, Stephen Glasgow (1550-aft.1598) is recorded as a witness in a legal document, alongside William Spreul and John Spreull of Ladiemure Family Background Jonet's ancestors can be traced back to Walter Spreul of Cowden, who was the Seneschal of the Lennox and received a grant of the lands of Dalquharn in Dumbartonshire from the Earl of Lennox during the reign of Alexander III (1249-1286). https://archive.org/details/heraldryofsprulesofscotland/page/n83/mode/2up The Spreull family remained in possession of the barony of Cowden until 1622, when it was sold to William, Lord Cochrane of Cowden. https://rlhf.info/wp-content/uploads/3.4-Cowden-Hall-Hughson-McCrae.pdf
  • Jonet is believed to be the granddaughter of John Spreule (d. 1513) and his wife Elizabeth Blair. Her father was likely Robert Spreull, the elder brother of John (Spreule) Spreule of Cowdin (abt.1480-). This would make Jonet the niece of Jonete (Spreule) Spreule, Lady Cathcart (bef 1500 - 22 Oct 1550), who first married John Pollok (aft 1486 - bef 1508) before 1506, and later married Gabriel Sempill (abt 1490 - 10 Sep 1547) before 18 Jan 1532. https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Spreule-1
  • Jonet's uncle, John Spreul, was vicar of Dundonald, Professor of Philosophy at the University of Glasgow, rector of the university, and later a canon of Glasgow Cathedral. In 1543, he purchased the lands of Ladymure, Castlehill, and Blackairn. https://archive.org/details/heraldryofsprulesofscotland/page/n83/mode/2up Marriage and Family Jonet Spreull married John Glasgow, and together they had at least one son, Stephen Glasgow. In 1575, Stephen Glasgow is mentioned as the son of the deceased John Glasgow, with the consent of his mother, Jonet Spreull. Genealogical Source (Stephen Glasgow in 1575 son of q. John Glasgow, with consent of Jonet Spreull, his mother.) Connections to the Glasgow Family The Spreull and Glasgow families appear to have been closely connected in the 16th century and beyond. In addition to Jonet's marriage to John Glasgow, there are records of various members of the two families appearing together as witnesses to legal transactions.
  • Witnesses: Stephen Glasgow, citizen, Patrick Clerk, John Drew, John Lang, citizens, John Spreull of Ladiemure. Annualrent to be redeemable for 350 merks.
  • John Grahame, bailie, resigned in favour of Stephen Glasgu a great tenement, fore and back, with yard and pertinents, lying tb.c, on the west side of the street leading from the metropolitan church to the market cross, between the lands of the chaplainry of St. Kentigern, then belonging to William Porterfield of that Ilk, on the north, the lands of the grammar school and the wynd called the Schdehous fFyne on the south, the wynd or street leading to the place of the Minor Friars Preachers (fratruin predicatoruin minorum) on the west, and the public street on the east. Sasine given by Robert Rowet, bailie. Witnesses: Archibald Wilsoun, merchant, Archibald Wilsoun, armourer {armigero\ citizens, and William Spreull, citizen.
  • The enduring connection between the Spreull and Glasgow families is further evidenced by the fact that a John Glasgow is listed as a member of the Presbytery of Irvine in 1689, with John Spreull as a ruling elder, more than a century after Jonet's lifetime. Spreulls of Cowden The barony of Cowden seems to have been in the hands of the Spreulls from at least as far back as the 14th century. A Walter Spreull was Seneschal of Dumbarton and a vassal of the Earl of Lennox during Robert the Bruce's reign. In 1441, another Walter Spreull resigned Cowden in favor of his son, and from then onwards there are frequent references to the Spreull family and to Cowden in local charters. https://rlhf.info/wp-content/uploads/3.4-Cowden-Hall-Hughson-McCrae.pdf https://sprowlgenealogy.com/ancient-sprowl-history/eight-centuries/ In 1623, the Spreulls sold Cowden to Alexander Cochrane of Dundonald. Spreull Family Lineage Based on the available information, the lineage of the Spreull family relevant to Jonet can be summarized as follows:
  • Walter Spreul of Cowden (proprietor during reign of Alexander III) ** Unnamed descendant(s) ** John Spreule (d. 1513) m. Elizabeth Blair *** Robert Spreull (elder son, father of Jonet) **** Jonet Spreull (abt 1510 - aft 1575) m. John Glasgow ***** Stephen Glasgow (son of Jonet and John Glasgow) *** John (Spreule) Spreule of Cowdin (abt 1480, younger son) m. Elizabeth Semple **** Jonete (Spreule) Spreule, Lady Cathcart (bef 1500 - 22 Oct 1550) **** Thomas Spreule of Coldoun *** John Spreul, vicar of Dundonald and Professor of Philosophy **** John Spreul of Ladiemure **** John Spreul, burgess of Glasgow (nephew of John Spreul, vicar) ***** John Spreul, Provost of Renfrew early in reign of Charles I (1625-1649) ****** John Spreul, town-clerk of Glasgow and later Principal Clerk of Session Sources

Profile source citations

  1. Stephen Glasgow in 1575 son of q. John Glasgow, with consent of Jonet Spreull, his mother.
  2. https://archive.org/details/heraldryofsprulesofscotland/page/n83/mode/2up source link 1
  3. https://rlhf.info/wp-content/uploads/3.4-Cowden-Hall-Hughson-McCrae.pdf source link 1
  4. https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Spreule-1 source link 1
  5. Genealogical Source (Stephen Glasgow in 1575 son of q. John Glasgow, with consent of Jonet Spreull, his mother.)
  6. https://sprowlgenealogy.com/ancient-sprowl-history/eight-centuries/ source link 1
Full captured biography text
Biography
Jonet Spreull was born around 1510 and was still living in 1575. Stephen Glasgow in 1575 son of q. John Glasgow, with consent of Jonet Spreull, his mother. She was a member of the prominent Spreull family of Cowden in Dumbartonshire, Scotland.

In 1586, Stephen Glasgow (1550-aft.1598) is recorded as a witness in a legal document, alongside William Spreul and John Spreull of Ladiemure
Family Background
Jonet's ancestors can be traced back to Walter Spreul of Cowden, who was the Seneschal of the Lennox and received a grant of the lands of Dalquharn in Dumbartonshire from the Earl of Lennox during the reign of Alexander III (1249-1286). https://archive.org/details/heraldryofsprulesofscotland/page/n83/mode/2up The Spreull family remained in possession of the barony of Cowden until 1622, when it was sold to William, Lord Cochrane of Cowden. https://rlhf.info/wp-content/uploads/3.4-Cowden-Hall-Hughson-McCrae.pdf 

Jonet is believed to be the granddaughter of John Spreule (d. 1513) and his wife Elizabeth Blair. Her father was likely Robert Spreull, the elder brother of John (Spreule) Spreule of Cowdin (abt.1480-). This would make Jonet the niece of Jonete (Spreule) Spreule, Lady Cathcart (bef 1500 - 22 Oct 1550), who first married John Pollok (aft 1486 - bef 1508) before 1506, and later married Gabriel Sempill (abt 1490 - 10 Sep 1547) before 18 Jan 1532. https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Spreule-1 

Jonet's uncle, John Spreul, was vicar of Dundonald, Professor of Philosophy at the University of Glasgow, rector of the university, and later a canon of Glasgow Cathedral. In 1543, he purchased the lands of Ladymure, Castlehill, and Blackairn. https://archive.org/details/heraldryofsprulesofscotland/page/n83/mode/2up 
Marriage and Family
Jonet Spreull married John Glasgow, and together they had at least one son, Stephen Glasgow. In 1575, Stephen Glasgow is mentioned as the son of the deceased John Glasgow, with the consent of his mother, Jonet Spreull. Genealogical Source (Stephen Glasgow in 1575 son of q. John Glasgow, with consent of Jonet Spreull, his mother.) 
Connections to the Glasgow Family
The Spreull and Glasgow families appear to have been closely connected in the 16th century and beyond. In addition to Jonet's marriage to John Glasgow, there are records of various members of the two families appearing together as witnesses to legal transactions.

John Spreull of Ladiemure, possibly Jonet's cousin (son of her uncle John Spreul), appeared as a witness alongside Stephen Glasgow, Jonet's son, in a document related to an annualrent.

 Witnesses: Stephen Glasgow, citizen, Patrick
Clerk, John Drew, John Lang, citizens, John Spreull of Ladiemure.
Annualrent to be redeemable for 350 merks. 

William Spreull, a citizen of Glasgow, appeared as a witness alongside Stephen Glasgow in a property transaction in 1586. This may be William Spreull (1473 – 1508/09), vicar of Kilbarchan.

 John Grahame, bailie, resigned in favour of Stephen Glasgu a great
tenement, fore and back, with yard and pertinents, lying tb.c, on the
west side of the street leading from the metropolitan church to the market
cross, between the lands of the chaplainry of St. Kentigern, then belonging
to William Porterfield of that Ilk, on the north, the lands of the grammar
school and the wynd called the Schdehous fFyne on the south, the wynd
or street leading to the place of the Minor Friars Preachers (fratruin
predicatoruin minorum) on the west, and the public street on the east.
Sasine given by Robert Rowet, bailie. Witnesses: Archibald Wilsoun,
merchant, Archibald Wilsoun, armourer {armigero\ citizens, and William
Spreull, citizen. 

The enduring connection between the Spreull and Glasgow families is further evidenced by the fact that a John Glasgow is listed as a member of the Presbytery of Irvine in 1689, with John Spreull as a ruling elder, more than a century after Jonet's lifetime.
Spreulls of Cowden
The barony of Cowden seems to have been in the hands of the Spreulls from at least as far back as the 14th century. A Walter Spreull was Seneschal of Dumbarton and a vassal of the Earl of Lennox during Robert the Bruce's reign. In 1441, another Walter Spreull resigned Cowden in favor of his son, and from then onwards there are frequent references to the Spreull family and to Cowden in local charters. https://rlhf.info/wp-content/uploads/3.4-Cowden-Hall-Hughson-McCrae.pdf https://sprowlgenealogy.com/ancient-sprowl-history/eight-centuries/ In 1623, the Spreulls sold Cowden to Alexander Cochrane of Dundonald.
Spreull Family Lineage
Based on the available information, the lineage of the Spreull family relevant to Jonet can be summarized as follows:

* Walter Spreul of Cowden (proprietor during reign of Alexander III)
** Unnamed descendant(s)
** John Spreule (d. 1513) m. Elizabeth Blair 
*** Robert Spreull (elder son, father of Jonet)
**** Jonet Spreull (abt 1510 - aft 1575) m. John Glasgow
***** Stephen Glasgow (son of Jonet and John Glasgow)
*** John (Spreule) Spreule of Cowdin (abt 1480, younger son) m. Elizabeth Semple
**** Jonete (Spreule) Spreule, Lady Cathcart (bef 1500 - 22 Oct 1550)
**** Thomas Spreule of Coldoun
*** John Spreul, vicar of Dundonald and Professor of Philosophy
**** John Spreul of Ladiemure
**** John Spreul, burgess of Glasgow (nephew of John Spreul, vicar)
***** John Spreul, Provost of Renfrew early in reign of Charles I (1625-1649) 
****** John Spreul, town-clerk of Glasgow and later Principal Clerk of Session
Sources
Raw WikiTree biography markup
== Biography ==
Jonet Spreull was born around 1510 and was still living in 1575.<ref>Stephen Glasgow in '''1575''' son of q. John Glasgow, with consent of Jonet Spreull, his mother.</ref> She was a member of the prominent Spreull family of Cowden in Dumbartonshire, Scotland.

In 1586, [[Glasgow-1029|Stephen Glasgow (1550-aft.1598)]] is recorded as a witness in a legal document, alongside William Spreul and John Spreull of Ladiemure

=== Family Background ===

Jonet's ancestors can be traced back to Walter Spreul of Cowden, who was the Seneschal of the Lennox and received a grant of the lands of Dalquharn in Dumbartonshire from the Earl of Lennox during the reign of Alexander III (1249-1286).<ref>https://archive.org/details/heraldryofsprulesofscotland/page/n83/mode/2up</ref> The Spreull family remained in possession of the barony of Cowden until 1622, when it was sold to William, Lord Cochrane of Cowden.<ref>https://rlhf.info/wp-content/uploads/3.4-Cowden-Hall-Hughson-McCrae.pdf</ref>

Jonet is believed to be the granddaughter of John Spreule (d. 1513) and his wife Elizabeth Blair. Her father was likely Robert Spreull, the elder brother of [[Spreule-2|John (Spreule) Spreule of Cowdin (abt.1480-)]]. This would make Jonet the niece of Jonete (Spreule) Spreule, Lady Cathcart (bef 1500 - 22 Oct 1550), who first married John Pollok (aft 1486 - bef 1508) before 1506, and later married Gabriel Sempill (abt 1490 - 10 Sep 1547) before 18 Jan 1532.<ref>https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Spreule-1</ref>

Jonet's uncle, John Spreul, was vicar of Dundonald, Professor of Philosophy at the University of Glasgow, rector of the university, and later a canon of Glasgow Cathedral. In 1543, he purchased the lands of Ladymure, Castlehill, and Blackairn.<ref>https://archive.org/details/heraldryofsprulesofscotland/page/n83/mode/2up</ref>

=== Marriage and Family ===

Jonet Spreull married John Glasgow, and together they had at least one son, Stephen Glasgow. In 1575, Stephen Glasgow is mentioned as the son of the deceased John Glasgow, with the consent of his mother, Jonet Spreull.<ref>Genealogical Source (Stephen Glasgow in '''1575''' son of q. John Glasgow, with consent of Jonet Spreull, his mother.)</ref>

=== Connections to the Glasgow Family ===

The Spreull and Glasgow families appear to have been closely connected in the 16th century and beyond. In addition to Jonet's marriage to John Glasgow, there are records of various members of the two families appearing together as witnesses to legal transactions.

John Spreull of Ladiemure, possibly Jonet's cousin (son of her uncle John Spreul), appeared as a witness alongside Stephen Glasgow, Jonet's son, in a document related to an annualrent.

<blockquote>Witnesses: Stephen Glasgow, citizen, Patrick
Clerk, John Drew, John Lang, citizens, '''John Spreull of Ladiemure.'''
Annualrent to be redeemable for 350 merks.</blockquote>

William Spreull, a citizen of Glasgow, appeared as a witness alongside Stephen Glasgow in a property transaction in 1586. This may be William Spreull (1473 – 1508/09), vicar of Kilbarchan.

<blockquote>John Grahame, bailie, resigned in favour of Stephen Glasgu a great
tenement, fore and back, with yard and pertinents, lying tb.c, on the
west side of the street leading from the metropolitan church to the market
cross, between the lands of the chaplainry of St. Kentigern, then belonging
to William Porterfield of that Ilk, on the north, the lands of the grammar
school and the wynd called the Schdehous fFyne on the south, the wynd
or street leading to the place of the Minor Friars Preachers (fratruin
predicatoruin minorum) on the west, and the public street on the east.
Sasine given by Robert Rowet, bailie. Witnesses: Archibald Wilsoun,
merchant, Archibald Wilsoun, armourer {armigero\ citizens, and '''William
Spreull, citizen'''.</blockquote>

The enduring connection between the Spreull and Glasgow families is further evidenced by the fact that a John Glasgow is listed as a member of the Presbytery of Irvine in 1689, with John Spreull as a ruling elder, more than a century after Jonet's lifetime.

=== Spreulls of Cowden ===

The barony of Cowden seems to have been in the hands of the Spreulls from at least as far back as the 14th century. A Walter Spreull was Seneschal of Dumbarton and a vassal of the Earl of Lennox during Robert the Bruce's reign. In 1441, another Walter Spreull resigned Cowden in favor of his son, and from then onwards there are frequent references to the Spreull family and to Cowden in local charters.<ref>https://rlhf.info/wp-content/uploads/3.4-Cowden-Hall-Hughson-McCrae.pdf</ref><ref>https://sprowlgenealogy.com/ancient-sprowl-history/eight-centuries/</ref> In 1623, the Spreulls sold Cowden to Alexander Cochrane of Dundonald.

=== Spreull Family Lineage ===

Based on the available information, the lineage of the Spreull family relevant to Jonet can be summarized as follows:

* Walter Spreul of Cowden (proprietor during reign of Alexander III)
** Unnamed descendant(s)
** John Spreule (d. 1513) m. Elizabeth Blair  
*** Robert Spreull (elder son, father of Jonet)
**** Jonet Spreull (abt 1510 - aft 1575) m. John Glasgow
***** Stephen Glasgow (son of Jonet and John Glasgow)
*** John (Spreule) Spreule of Cowdin (abt 1480, younger son) m. Elizabeth Semple
**** Jonete (Spreule) Spreule, Lady Cathcart (bef 1500 - 22 Oct 1550)
**** Thomas Spreule of Coldoun
*** John Spreul, vicar of Dundonald and Professor of Philosophy
**** John Spreul of Ladiemure
**** John Spreul, burgess of Glasgow (nephew of John Spreul, vicar)
***** John Spreul, Provost of Renfrew early in reign of Charles I (1625-1649)  
****** John Spreul, town-clerk of Glasgow and later Principal Clerk of Session

== Sources ==
<references />